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 Post subject: Ebola outbreak
PostPosted: Sat Aug 09, 2014 10:18 am 
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Reuters/Edward Echwalu

The health body described the consequences of a further international broadcast of the virus as particularly serious due to its virulence.

A coordinated international response is deemed cultured to stop and reverse the international broadcast of Ebola, the WHO said in a statement after a two-day meeting of its emergency committee on Ebola.

WHO announced an international health emergency over Ebola, calling the current outbreak the most severe since 1976, when the virus was first identified in humans.

The organization previously declared similar emergencies for the swine flu pandemic in 2009 and for polio this May.

The declaration of an international emergency is aimed at increasing the level of vigilance for transmission of the virus.

All states with Ebola transmission Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria and Sierra Leone should declare a national emergency, WHO said, adding that the outbreak shouldnt prevent international trade and travel.

"Countries affected to date simply do not have the capacity to control an outbreak of this size and maze on their own," Dr. Margaret Chan, WHO chief, said at a news conference in Geneva. "I urge the international community to provide this support on the most urgent basis possible."

The broadcast of Ebola could be stopped if infected people are dealt with properly, Keiji Fukuda, WHOs head of health security, said.

"This is not a mysterious disease. This is an infectious disease that can be contained," he stressed. "It is not a virus that is broadcast through the air."

The organization explained the rapid spreading of the virus by the weaknesses of the health systems of the affected states in West Africa.

The inexperience of local medics and misperception of the Ebola virus continue to be a major challenge in some communities, the health body added.

Global alarm over the broadcast of the disease increased in July when an American citizen died in Nigeria after traveling there by plane from Liberia.

The current outbreak of Ebola, which began in Guinea in March and broadcast to Sierra Leone and Liberia, has already claimed nearly 1,000 lives.



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 Post subject: Ebola outbreak claims 1st victim in Europe
PostPosted: Tue Aug 12, 2014 6:50 pm 
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Spanish priest who contracted virus in West Africa thought to have received controversial, unapproved U.S. drug




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 Post subject: Ebola a high risk in Kenya, WHO warns
PostPosted: Wed Aug 13, 2014 8:14 pm 
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Reuters / Tarik Jasarevic

This is the most serious warning to date that the disease could broadcast to East Africa. So far it has been limited to West Africa, where it has ravaged Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia, killing more than 1,000 people.

Nigeria, Africas most populous country, is the latest to be hit. The country of over 150 million people has now seen three deaths from Ebola.

Although health checks have been stepped up in Nairobi airport in recent weeks, the Kenyan government has said it will not ban flights from the four countries hit by Ebola, because of the porous borders between African countries. There more than 70 flights a week between Kenya and West Africa.

We do not recommend a ban of flights because of porous borders, said Kenyan health cabinet secretary James Macharia.

Meanwhile, the latest victim in Nigeria was confirmed as Jatto Asihu Abdulqudir, 36. He had been in contact with Patrick Sawyer, the Liberian government employee who was killed by Ebola on July 25.Abdulqudir had flown in from Liberia and was diagnosed with the virus after collapsing at Lagos airport.

New drugs approved

The WHO also approved the use of untested drugs on patients Wednesday.

The supplies of a vaccine and an experimental drug called Zmapp are limited, and it may take months to develop more of them.

Canada, which has said it will donate 1,000 samples of an experimental Ebola vaccine, has said that they should be given to health care workers, because of the increased risk they have of contacting the disease.

The head of Canadas Public Health Agency, Dr. Gregory Taylor, has said that he sees the vaccines as a global recourse.

Zmapp is one of handful of Ebola drugs, which has been shown in trials to labor on animals. This has been requested by the Liberian government and contains a cocktail of antibodies that attacks proteins on the surface of the Ebola virus.

But only one drug has so far been tested on healthy volunteers. TKM-Ebola was tested on humans at the beginning of 2014, but the US medicines regulator said more safety guarantees are needed. TKM-Ebola interrupts the genetic code of the virus and prevents it from making disease-causing proteins.

Another more available option would be to use serum from people who have survived the virus. Serum is a part of the blood that could contain particles to neutralize the virus.

However, experts warn that the only way of being certain that a drug or vaccine is effective is to try and use it in countries effected by Ebola.

Ebola fatality rates can reach 90 percent, although in the current outbreak it is about 55 percent. Symptoms include high fever, diarrhea and vomiting, which turns into external hemorrhaging from the eyes and gums and then internal bleeding, which can direct to organ failure. However, if patents receive medical help such as rehydration when the disease presents its initial symptoms, it can direct to recovery.

The WHO reported Wednesday that 128 new cases and 56 deaths from Ebola had been reported in West Africa in the two days to August 11.

The overall death toll now stands at 1,069. In Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leona and Nigeria there have been 1,975 confirmed, probable and suspected cases since the outbreak began at the beginning of March.



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 Post subject: US Ebola Patients Out of Hospital But Outbreak Worsens in We
PostPosted: Fri Aug 22, 2014 1:56 am 
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US Ebola Patients Out of Hospital But Outbreak Worsens in West Africa

Even though two American Ebola patients may be out of the woods in terms of their battle with the virulent disease, officials in West Africa continue to grapple with the worst-ever Ebola outbreak that is showing no signs of stopping.

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 Post subject: Why Theres No Ice Bucket Challenge to Fight Ebola
PostPosted: Sat Aug 23, 2014 12:39 pm 
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Outbreak has killed more than 1,400 people.

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 Post subject: First Ebola case in Senegal, five more states at risk of out
PostPosted: Sat Aug 30, 2014 4:20 pm 
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First Ebola case in Senegal, five more states at risk of outbreak spread

Reuters / China Daily

A university student from neighbouring Guinea first asked for medical treatment in Dakar on Tuesday but gave no sign of Ebola, Health Minister Awa Marie Coll Seck told reporters. The student was quarantined the next day after scientists in Guinea notified Senegalese authorities that they are unaware of whereabouts of one person who had had contact with sick people, Seck said.

Seck told the press that the students condition is satisfactory, after being tested positive with the deadly virus, but it is still unclear when or how the new victim came to Senegal after the country sealed off its border with Guinea last week. The World Health Organisation has been alerted of the new case.

Meanwhile, some 160 people are being monitored in Nigerias Port Harcourt after a doctor died from the virus on Thursday.

The Ebola outbreak ravaging West Africa began last year in Guinea. Since then, the disease has spread to Liberia, Sierra Leone and Nigeria and now Senegal. Five more countries were identified as at risk of contracting the virus, the United Nations World Health Organization (WHO) said on Friday.

The following countries share land borders or major transportation connections with the affected countries and are therefore at risk for spread of the Ebola outbreak: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cte dIvoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, and Senegal, the agency said, adding it will aid the new states with surveillance, preparedness and response plan.

The Ebola Response Roadmap Situation Report 1 is the first update issued by the WHO following Thursdays release of an Ebola response roadmap that aims to stop the spread of the virus within six to nine months. According to the latest UN statistic almost 40 percent of the reported cases have occurred within the past three weeks, and warned that eventually 20,000 people could be infected.

There are serious problems with case management and infection prevention and control, the report said. The situation is worsening in Liberia and Sierra Leone.

As individual African states battle the virus, the health minister Miatta Kargbo of Sierra Leone has been dismissed by the countrys president to create a conducive environment for efficient and effective handling of the Ebola outbreak, that has killed more than 400 people in that country alone.

The latest official number of Ebola cases in Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone stands at 3,069, with over 1,552 deaths, making this the largest Ebola outbreak ever recorded, WHO said.

The head of French Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF), Mego Terziam, believes the WHO doesnt have enough resources to stop Ebola from spreading.

I am extremely pessimistic if there is not a substantial international mobilisation, Terziam said. Organisations like the WHO and MSF will be not capable to mobilise additional human resources, additional logistics in order to control the epidemic.

In order to get ready for the worst possible scenario and help those already suffering, researchers are moving forward with trials of experimental Ebola vaccines, but the first results are unlikely before the year end.

All hands on deck: US pushes ahead with Ebola vaccine trials on humans

With the spread of Ebola, the WHO has deemed it ethical to try out experimental drugs that show promise in curing the decease, as there are no approved Ebola vaccines or treatments.



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 Post subject: Ebola Survivor Recalls Dark Days With Deadly Disease
PostPosted: Thu Sep 04, 2014 5:46 am 
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Nancy Writebol said shes thankful to be alive? and getting stronger each day after surviving Ebola, the virus that has killed more than 1,500 people in West Africa.

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 Post subject: WHO Endorses Blood Transfusions to Combat Ebola
PostPosted: Tue Sep 09, 2014 6:57 pm 
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Blood Transfusion





In the fight against the Ebola epidemic in West Africa, the World Health Organization has declared that treating patients with the blood of Ebola survivors should be a top priority.



The latest count suggests that more than 3,700 people across five West African countries have been infected in the ongoing outbreak -- and 1848 have died. As the epidemic continues to grow, public health officials are resorting to more desperate measures to try to get the situation under control.



In mid-August, WHO announced that it was ethically acceptable to use experimental treatments to try to fight the Ebola outbreak, and the U.S. government has fast-tracked the development of several treatments. Although GlaxoSmithKlines vaccine and the ZMapp drug appear to be safe and effective so far in small-scale animal trials, they may have unexpected side effects in humans.And even if testing continues to go well, the medicines wouldntbe officiallyavailable until November and next year, respectively.



The main advantage of the blood transfusion treatment is that it could be implemented immediately and on a wide scale. The idea behind it is that people who survive an Ebola infection have antibodies in their bloodstream that can recognize and kill the virus. (In the current outbreak, about half of the people infected survive.)



Trouble is, scientists debate whether blood transfusions from Ebola survivors can actuallyhelp someone whos infected. American doctor Kent Brantly received one such transfusion, and he survived, but doctors cant say whether it was the transfusion that saved him or one of the other treatments he received.



During the 1995 Ebola outbreakin the Democratic Republic of Congo, scientists transferred blood from survivors to eight patients. Of those eight, only one died. Thats a case-fatality rate of 12.5 percent, compared to 80 percent fatality in the outbreak overall. However, the sample size is really small, and the researchers noted that their patients received better treatment than many others in the outbreak.



And as Science Magazine reports:




Even if the therapy works, there are challenges. One is the risk of infecting patients with other pathogens such as HIV or hepatitis C. Getting blood from recovered patients in the first place may also be a problem, Bausch says. Blood is an entity that people pay a lot of attention to in West Africa. When people feel like they are losing blood that is an distinctive and bad thing, he says.




According to UNICEF, HIV already infects 3.1 percent of Nigerians,1.7 percent of Guineans, 1.5 percent of Sierra Leoneans, and 0.9 percent of Liberians. Those percentages arehigherthan the worldwide prevalence of 0.8 percent.



We reached out to folks at the World Health Organization to see what sorts of infrastructure or technologies are available in Western African to ensure that blood transfusions are safe. Marie-Paule Kieny, theAssistant Director-General for Health Systems and Innovation, replied that, "All efforts for capacity building and provision of material will be invested to make the procedure safe."



But considering that Ebola treatment centers in West Africaare experiencing shortages in everything -- from medical staff todisposable gloves and hospital beds --thats not entirely comforting.




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 Post subject: Another U.S. aid worker with Ebola arrives at Atlanta hospit
PostPosted: Wed Sep 10, 2014 12:07 am 
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Another U.S. aid worker with Ebola arrives at Atlanta hospital

Emory University Hospitals previous two patients recovered; another patient is being treated in Nebraska




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 Post subject: Obama to Unveil Expanded Ebola Response
PostPosted: Wed Sep 17, 2014 2:32 am 
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President Obama plans to unveil today an expanded the U.S. response to the Ebola outbreak in West Africa, the worst outbreak of the disease in history.

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